#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = a, I = b; i <= I; ++i)
#define per(i, a, b) for (int i = a, I = b; i >= I; --i)
using namespace std;
using i64 = long long;
using i128 = __int128_t;
template<typename T> void up(T &x, T y) { x < y ? x = y : 0; }
template<typename T> void down(T &x, T y) { x > y ? x = y : 0; }
mt19937 rnd(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int rng(int l, int r) { return l + rnd() % (r - l + 1); }

const double pi = acos(-1.0);
double get_ang(double a, double b, double c) {
    return acos((a * a + b * b - c * c) / (2 * a * b));
}

void solve() {
    int n, R;
    cin >> n >> R;
    double ans = 2 * pi * R;
    rep(i, 1, n) {
        int x, y, r;
        cin >> x >> y >> r;
        int D = x * x + y * y;
        if (D < R * R && r < R && D < (R - r) * (R - r)) continue;
        if (D > R * R && D >= (R + r) * (R + r)) continue;
        double d = sqrt(D);
        ans += get_ang(r, d, R) * 2 * r;
        ans -= get_ang(R, d, r) * 2 * R;
    }
    cout << setprecision(20) << ans << "\n";
}

int main() {
	ios::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0);

    int T; cin >> T;
    while (T--) solve();

	return 0;
}