#include <cstdio>
#include <cassert>
#include <string>

const int N = 1 << 15;
int t, n;
bool ok = 1;
char s[N + 1];

std::string run(int ind = n - 1, int rest = 0) {
	if (ind == -1) {
		if (s[rest] == '0') return "F";
		return "T";
	}
	bool valuable = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 1 << ind; ++i) if (s[i | rest] != s[i | rest | 1 << ind]) {
		valuable = 1;
		if (s[i | rest] == '1') ok = 0;
	}
	if (!valuable) return run(ind - 1, rest);
	//printf("valubale %d\n", ind);
	std::string X = run(ind - 1, rest), Y = run(ind - 1, rest | 1 << ind);
	if (X == "T") return "T";
	if (Y == "F") return X;
	if (X == "F") {
		if (Y == "T") return std::string() + char('a' + ind);
		return '(' + Y + '&' + char('a' + ind) + ')';
	}
	if (Y == "T") return '(' + X + '|' + char('a' + ind) + ')';
	return '(' + X + "|(" + char('a' + ind) + '&' + Y + "))";
}

int main() {
	scanf("%d", &t);
	while (t--) {
		scanf("%d", &n);
		scanf("%s", s);
		ok = 1;
		auto ans = run();
		if (ok) {
			printf("Yes\n");
			int op = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < ans.size(); ++i) if (ans[i] == '&' || ans[i] == '|') ++op;
			assert(op <= (1 << n - 1) + 10);
			//printf("%s\n", ans.c_str());
		} else printf("No\n");
	}
	return 0;
}