#line 1 "ucup3-27/F/main.cpp"
#define YOSUPO_AVX2_PRAGMA
// #undef YOSUPO_LOCAL

#line 2 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/fastio.hpp"

#include <unistd.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <bit>
#include <cassert>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#line 2 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/internal_type_traits.hpp"

#line 5 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/internal_type_traits.hpp"

namespace yosupo {

namespace internal {

template <class T>
using is_signed_int128 =
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __int128_t>::value ||
                                  std::is_same<T, __int128>::value,
                              std::true_type,
                              std::false_type>::type;

template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int128 =
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __uint128_t>::value ||
                                  std::is_same<T, unsigned __int128>::value,
                              std::true_type,
                              std::false_type>::type;

template <class T>
using make_unsigned_int128 =
    typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __int128_t>::value,
                              __uint128_t,
                              unsigned __int128>;

template <class T>
using is_integral =
    typename std::conditional<std::is_integral<T>::value ||
                                  internal::is_signed_int128<T>::value ||
                                  internal::is_unsigned_int128<T>::value,
                              std::true_type,
                              std::false_type>::type;

template <class T>
using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral<T>::value &&
                                                 std::is_signed<T>::value) ||
                                                    is_signed_int128<T>::value,
                                                std::true_type,
                                                std::false_type>::type;

template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int =
    typename std::conditional<(is_integral<T>::value &&
                               std::is_unsigned<T>::value) ||
                                  is_unsigned_int128<T>::value,
                              std::true_type,
                              std::false_type>::type;

template <class T>
using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional<
    is_signed_int128<T>::value,
    make_unsigned_int128<T>,
    typename std::conditional<std::is_signed<T>::value,
                              std::make_unsigned<T>,
                              std::common_type<T>>::type>::type;

template <class T>
using is_integral_t = std::enable_if_t<is_integral<T>::value>;

template <class T>
using is_signed_int_t = std::enable_if_t<is_signed_int<T>::value>;

template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int_t = std::enable_if_t<is_unsigned_int<T>::value>;

template <class T> using to_unsigned_t = typename to_unsigned<T>::type;

}  // namespace internal

}  // namespace yosupo
#line 17 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/fastio.hpp"

namespace yosupo {

struct Scanner {
  public:
    Scanner(const Scanner&) = delete;
    Scanner& operator=(const Scanner&) = delete;

    Scanner(FILE* fp) : fd(fileno(fp)) { line[0] = 127; }

    void read() {}
    template <class H, class... T> void read(H& h, T&... t) {
        bool f = read_single(h);
        assert(f);
        read(t...);
    }

    int read_unsafe() { return 0; }
    template <class H, class... T> int read_unsafe(H& h, T&... t) {
        bool f = read_single(h);
        if (!f) return 0;
        return 1 + read_unsafe(t...);
    }

    int close() { return ::close(fd); }

  private:
    static constexpr int SIZE = 1 << 15;

    int fd = -1;
    std::array<char, SIZE + 1> line;
    int st = 0, ed = 0;
    bool eof = false;

    bool read_single(std::string& ref) {
        if (!skip_space()) return false;
        ref = "";
        while (true) {
            char c = top();
            if (c <= ' ') break;
            ref += c;
            st++;
        }
        return true;
    }
    bool read_single(double& ref) {
        std::string s;
        if (!read_single(s)) return false;
        ref = std::stod(s);
        return true;
    }

    template <class T,
              std::enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, char>::value>* = nullptr>
    bool read_single(T& ref) {
        if (!skip_space<50>()) return false;
        ref = top();
        st++;
        return true;
    }

    template <class T,
              internal::is_signed_int_t<T>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same<T, char>::value>* = nullptr>
    bool read_single(T& sref) {
        using U = internal::to_unsigned_t<T>;
        if (!skip_space<50>()) return false;
        bool neg = false;
        if (line[st] == '-') {
            neg = true;
            st++;
        }
        U ref = 0;
        do {
            ref = 10 * ref + (line[st++] & 0x0f);
        } while (line[st] >= '0');
        sref = neg ? -ref : ref;
        return true;
    }
    template <class U,
              internal::is_unsigned_int_t<U>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same<U, char>::value>* = nullptr>
    bool read_single(U& ref) {
        if (!skip_space<50>()) return false;
        ref = 0;
        do {
            ref = 10 * ref + (line[st++] & 0x0f);
        } while (line[st] >= '0');
        return true;
    }

    bool reread() {
        if (ed - st >= 50) return true;
        if (st > SIZE / 2) {
            std::memmove(line.data(), line.data() + st, ed - st);
            ed -= st;
            st = 0;
        }
        if (eof) return false;
        auto u = ::read(fd, line.data() + ed, SIZE - ed);
        if (u == 0) {
            eof = true;
            line[ed] = '\0';
            u = 1;
        }
        ed += int(u);
        line[ed] = char(127);
        return true;
    }

    char top() {
        if (st == ed) {
            bool f = reread();
            assert(f);
        }
        return line[st];
    }

    template <int TOKEN_LEN = 0> bool skip_space() {
        while (true) {
            while (line[st] <= ' ') st++;
            if (ed - st > TOKEN_LEN) return true;
            if (st > ed) st = ed;
            for (auto i = st; i < ed; i++) {
                if (line[i] <= ' ') return true;
            }
            if (!reread()) return false;
        }
    }
};

struct Printer {
  public:
    template <char sep = ' ', bool F = false> void write() {}
    template <char sep = ' ', bool F = false, class H, class... T>
    void write(const H& h, const T&... t) {
        if (F) write_single(sep);
        write_single(h);
        write<true>(t...);
    }
    template <char sep = ' ', class... T> void writeln(const T&... t) {
        write<sep>(t...);
        write_single('\n');
    }

    Printer(FILE* _fp) : fd(fileno(_fp)) {}
    ~Printer() { flush(); }

    int close() {
        flush();
        return ::close(fd);
    }

    void flush() {
        if (pos) {
            auto res = ::write(fd, line.data(), pos);
            assert(res != -1);
            pos = 0;
        }
    }

  private:
    static std::array<std::array<char, 2>, 100> small;
    static std::array<unsigned long long, 20> tens;

    static constexpr size_t SIZE = 1 << 15;
    int fd;
    std::array<char, SIZE> line;
    size_t pos = 0;
    std::stringstream ss;

    template <class T,
              std::enable_if_t<std::is_same<char, T>::value>* = nullptr>
    void write_single(const T& val) {
        if (pos == SIZE) flush();
        line[pos++] = val;
    }

    template <class T,
              internal::is_signed_int_t<T>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same<char, T>::value>* = nullptr>
    void write_single(const T& val) {
        using U = internal::to_unsigned_t<T>;
        if (val == 0) {
            write_single('0');
            return;
        }
        if (pos > SIZE - 50) flush();
        U uval = val;
        if (val < 0) {
            write_single('-');
            uval = -uval;
        }
        write_unsigned(uval);
    }

    template <class U,
              internal::is_unsigned_int_t<U>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same<char, U>::value>* = nullptr>
    void write_single(U uval) {
        if (uval == 0) {
            write_single('0');
            return;
        }
        if (pos > SIZE - 50) flush();

        write_unsigned(uval);
    }

    static int calc_len(uint64_t x) {
        int i = ((63 - std::countl_zero(x)) * 3 + 3) / 10;
        if (x < tens[i])
            return i;
        else
            return i + 1;
    }

    template <class U,
              internal::is_unsigned_int_t<U>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<2 >= sizeof(U)>* = nullptr>
    void write_unsigned(U uval) {
        size_t len = calc_len(uval);
        pos += len;

        char* ptr = line.data() + pos;
        while (uval >= 100) {
            ptr -= 2;
            memcpy(ptr, small[uval % 100].data(), 2);
            uval /= 100;
        }
        if (uval >= 10) {
            memcpy(ptr - 2, small[uval].data(), 2);
        } else {
            *(ptr - 1) = char('0' + uval);
        }
    }

    template <class U,
              internal::is_unsigned_int_t<U>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<4 == sizeof(U)>* = nullptr>
    void write_unsigned(U uval) {
        std::array<char, 8> buf;
        memcpy(buf.data() + 6, small[uval % 100].data(), 2);
        memcpy(buf.data() + 4, small[uval / 100 % 100].data(), 2);
        memcpy(buf.data() + 2, small[uval / 10000 % 100].data(), 2);
        memcpy(buf.data() + 0, small[uval / 1000000 % 100].data(), 2);

        if (uval >= 100000000) {
            if (uval >= 1000000000) {
                memcpy(line.data() + pos, small[uval / 100000000 % 100].data(),
                       2);
                pos += 2;
            } else {
                line[pos] = char('0' + uval / 100000000);
                pos++;
            }
            memcpy(line.data() + pos, buf.data(), 8);
            pos += 8;
        } else {
            size_t len = calc_len(uval);
            memcpy(line.data() + pos, buf.data() + (8 - len), len);
            pos += len;
        }
    }

    template <class U,
              internal::is_unsigned_int_t<U>* = nullptr,
              std::enable_if_t<8 == sizeof(U)>* = nullptr>
    void write_unsigned(U uval) {
        size_t len = calc_len(uval);
        pos += len;

        char* ptr = line.data() + pos;
        while (uval >= 100) {
            ptr -= 2;
            memcpy(ptr, small[uval % 100].data(), 2);
            uval /= 100;
        }
        if (uval >= 10) {
            memcpy(ptr - 2, small[uval].data(), 2);
        } else {
            *(ptr - 1) = char('0' + uval);
        }
    }

    template <
        class U,
        std::enable_if_t<internal::is_unsigned_int128<U>::value>* = nullptr>
    void write_unsigned(U uval) {
        static std::array<char, 50> buf;
        size_t len = 0;
        while (uval > 0) {
            buf[len++] = char((uval % 10) + '0');
            uval /= 10;
        }
        std::reverse(buf.begin(), buf.begin() + len);
        memcpy(line.data() + pos, buf.data(), len);
        pos += len;
    }

    void write_single(const std::string& s) {
        for (char c : s) write_single(c);
    }
    void write_single(const char* s) {
        size_t len = strlen(s);
        for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) write_single(s[i]);
    }
    template <class T> void write_single(const std::vector<T>& val) {
        auto n = val.size();
        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (i) write_single(' ');
            write_single(val[i]);
        }
    }
};

inline std::array<std::array<char, 2>, 100> Printer::small = [] {
    std::array<std::array<char, 2>, 100> table;
    for (int i = 0; i <= 99; i++) {
        table[i][1] = char('0' + (i % 10));
        table[i][0] = char('0' + (i / 10 % 10));
    }
    return table;
}();
inline std::array<unsigned long long, 20> Printer::tens = [] {
    std::array<unsigned long long, 20> table;
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        table[i] = 1;
        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
            table[i] *= 10;
        }
    }
    return table;
}();

}  // namespace yosupo
#line 2 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/random.hpp"

#line 6 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/random.hpp"
#include <chrono>
#line 8 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/random.hpp"
#include <random>
#line 10 "/home/vscode/yosupo-library/src/yosupo/random.hpp"

namespace yosupo {

struct Xoshiro256StarStar {
  public:
    using result_type = uint64_t;
    Xoshiro256StarStar() : Xoshiro256StarStar(0) {}
    explicit Xoshiro256StarStar(uint64_t seed) {
        // use splitmix64
        // Reference: http://xoshiro.di.unimi.it/splitmix64.c
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            uint64_t z = (seed += 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15);
            z = (z ^ (z >> 30)) * 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9;
            z = (z ^ (z >> 27)) * 0x94d049bb133111eb;
            s[i] = z ^ (z >> 31);
        }
    }

    static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
    static constexpr result_type max() { return -1; }

    result_type operator()() {
        const uint64_t result_starstar = rotl(s[1] * 5, 7) * 9;

        const uint64_t t = s[1] << 17;

        s[2] ^= s[0];
        s[3] ^= s[1];
        s[1] ^= s[2];
        s[0] ^= s[3];

        s[2] ^= t;

        s[3] = rotl(s[3], 45);

        return result_starstar;
    }

  private:
    // Use xoshiro256**
    // Refereces: http://xoshiro.di.unimi.it/xoshiro256starstar.c
    static uint64_t rotl(const uint64_t x, int k) {
        return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
    }

    std::array<uint64_t, 4> s;
};

// https://github.com/wangyi-fudan/wyhash
struct WYRand {
  public:
    using result_type = uint64_t;
    explicit WYRand(uint64_t seed) : s(seed) {}

    static constexpr result_type min() { return 0; }
    static constexpr result_type max() { return -1; }

    result_type operator()() {
        s += 0x2d358dccaa6c78a5;
        auto x = (unsigned __int128)s * (s ^ 0x8bb84b93962eacc9);
        return (uint64_t)(x ^ (x >> 64));
    }

  private:
    uint64_t s;
};
using Random = WYRand;
inline Random& global_gen() {
    static Random gen(
        std::chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
    return gen;
}

template <class G>
concept random_64 = std::uniform_random_bit_generator<G> &&
                    std::same_as<uint64_t, std::invoke_result_t<G&>> &&
                    G::min() == uint64_t(0) && G::max() == uint64_t(-1);

namespace internal {

// random choice from [0, upper]
template <random_64 G> uint64_t uniform_u64(uint64_t upper, G& gen) {
    if (!(upper & (upper + 1))) {
        // b = 00..0011..11
        return gen() & upper;
    }
    int log = 63 - std::countl_zero(upper);
    uint64_t mask = (log == 63) ? ~0ULL : (1ULL << (log + 1)) - 1;
    while (true) {
        uint64_t r = gen() & mask;
        if (r <= upper) return r;
    }
}

// random choice from [0, upper], faster than uniform_u64
template <random_64 G> uint64_t random_u64(uint64_t upper, G& gen) {
    return (uint64_t)(((unsigned __int128)(upper) + 1) * gen() >> 64);
}

}  // namespace internal

template <class T, random_64 G> T uniform(T lower, T upper, G& gen) {
    return T(lower +
             internal::uniform_u64(uint64_t(upper) - uint64_t(lower), gen));
}
template <class T> T uniform(T lower, T upper) {
    return uniform(lower, upper, global_gen());
}
template <class T, random_64 G> T random(T lower, T upper, G& gen) {
    return T(lower +
             internal::random_u64(uint64_t(upper) - uint64_t(lower), gen));
}
template <class T> T random(T lower, T upper) {
    return random(lower, upper, global_gen());
}

template <random_64 G> bool uniform_bool(G& gen) { return gen() & 1; }
inline bool uniform_bool() { return uniform_bool(global_gen()); }

// select 2 elements from [lower, uppper]
template <class T, random_64 G>
std::pair<T, T> uniform_pair(T lower, T upper, G& gen) {
    assert(upper - lower >= 1);
    T a, b;
    do {
        a = uniform(lower, upper, gen);
        b = uniform(lower, upper, gen);
    } while (a == b);
    if (a > b) std::swap(a, b);
    return {a, b};
}
template <class T> std::pair<T, T> uniform_pair(T lower, T upper) {
    return uniform_pair(lower, upper, global_gen());
}

// random value in the interval (0.0, 1.0]
template <class G> inline double open_closed_01(G& gen) {
    union {
        uint64_t i;
        double f;
    } u = {0xbff0000000000000 | (gen() >> 12)};
    return 2.0 + u.f;
}
inline double open_closed_01() {
    return open_closed_01(global_gen());
}

}  // namespace yosupo
#line 6 "ucup3-27/F/main.cpp"
using namespace yosupo;

#line 2 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"

#ifdef YOSUPO_AVX2_PRAGMA
#line 5 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"
#pragma GCC target("avx2,bmi,bmi2,lzcnt,popcnt")
#endif

#line 11 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"
#include <bitset>
#line 13 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#line 16 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <ranges>
#include <set>
#line 22 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"
#include <utility>
#line 24 "ucup3-27/F/base.hpp"

using std::abs, std::pow, std::sqrt;
using std::array, std::vector, std::string, std::queue, std::deque;
using std::countl_zero, std::countl_one, std::countr_zero, std::countr_one;
using std::istream, std::ostream, std::cerr, std::endl;
using std::min, std::max, std::swap;
using std::pair, std::tuple, std::bitset;
using std::popcount;
using std::priority_queue, std::set, std::multiset, std::map;
using std::views::iota, std::views::reverse;

namespace ranges = std::ranges;
using ranges::sort, ranges::copy_n;

using uint = unsigned int;
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
constexpr ll TEN(int n) { return (n == 0) ? 1 : 10 * TEN(n - 1); }
template <class T> using V = vector<T>;
template <class T> using VV = V<V<T>>;

#ifdef YOSUPO_LOCAL

inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, __int128_t x) {
    if (x < 0) {
        os << "-";
        x *= -1;
    }
    if (x == 0) {
        return os << "0";
    }
    string s;
    while (x) {
        s += char(x % 10 + '0');
        x /= 10;
    }
    ranges::reverse(s);
    return os << s;
}
inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, __uint128_t x) {
    if (x == 0) {
        return os << "0";
    }
    string s;
    while (x) {
        s += char(x % 10 + '0');
        x /= 10;
    }
    ranges::reverse(s);
    return os << s;
}

template <class T, class U>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const pair<T, U>& p);
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const V<T>& v);
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const deque<T>& v);
template <class T, size_t N>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const array<T, N>& a);
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const set<T>& s);
template <class T, class U>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const map<T, U>& m);

template <class T, class U>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const pair<T, U>& p) {
    return os << "P(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")";
}

template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const V<T>& v) {
    os << "[";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto d : v) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << d;
    }
    return os << "]";
}

template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const deque<T>& v) {
    os << "[";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto d : v) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << d;
    }
    return os << "]";
}
template <class T, size_t N>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const array<T, N>& a) {
    os << "[";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto d : a) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << d;
    }
    return os << "]";
}

template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const set<T>& s) {
    os << "{";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto d : s) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << d;
    }
    return os << "}";
}
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const multiset<T>& s) {
    os << "{";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto d : s) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << d;
    }
    return os << "}";
}

template <class T, class U>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const map<T, U>& s) {
    os << "{";
    bool f = false;
    for (auto p : s) {
        if (f) os << ", ";
        f = true;
        os << p.first << ": " << p.second;
    }
    return os << "}";
}

struct PrettyOS {
    ostream& os;
    bool first;

    template <class T> auto operator<<(T&& x) {
        if (!first) os << ", ";
        first = false;
        os << x;
        return *this;
    }
};
template <class... T> void dbg0(T&&... t) {
    (PrettyOS{cerr, true} << ... << t);
}
#define dbg(...)                                            \
    do {                                                    \
        cerr << __LINE__ << " : " << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = "; \
        dbg0(__VA_ARGS__);                                  \
        cerr << endl;                                       \
    } while (false);
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
#line 9 "ucup3-27/F/main.cpp"

Scanner sc = Scanner(stdin);
Printer pr = Printer(stdout);

struct HL {
    // inside index of HL
    struct I {
        int i;
    };
    V<int> _ord;          // int -> I
    V<int> _rord;         // I -> int
    V<int> _big, _small;  // I -> I
    // optionals
    V<int> dps;       // node depth(int -> int)
    int pc = 0;       // path count(optional)
    V<int> pid, psz;  // path id, size (optional)
    V<int> _out;      // ouv[i] is end of subtree(I -> I)
    HL() {}
    HL(size_t n)
        : _ord(n), _rord(n), _big(n), _small(n), dps(n), pid(n), _out(n) {}
    I ord(int v) const { return v == -1 ? I{-1} : I{_ord[v]}; }
    int rord(I i) const { return i.i == -1 ? -1 : _rord[i.i]; }
    I par(I i) const { return I{_small[i.i] == i.i ? _big[i.i] : i.i - 1}; }
    I subtree_out(int v) const { return I{_out[ord(v).i]}; };
    int par(int v) const { return rord(par(ord(v))); }
    int lca(int a, int b) const {
        int ai = ord(a).i;
        int bi = ord(b).i;
        while (ai != bi) {
            if (ai > bi) swap(ai, bi);
            if (_small[bi] <= ai)
                break;
            else
                bi = _big[bi];
        }
        return rord(I{ai});
    }
    // aの直前までbから登る、f(I, I)の引数は両閉区間
    template <class F> void get_path(int a, int b, F f) const {
        int ai = ord(a).i;
        int bi = ord(b).i;
        while (ai < bi) {
            if (_small[bi] <= ai)
                f(I{ai + 1}, I{bi});
            else
                f(I{_small[bi]}, I{bi});
            bi = _big[bi];
        }
    }
    int to(int a, int b) {  // aからbの方向へ1移動する
        int ai = ord(a).i;
        int bi = ord(b).i;
        assert(ai < bi);
        while (true) {
            if (_small[bi] <= ai)
                return rord(I{ai + 1});
            else if (_big[bi] == ai)
                return rord(I{_small[bi]});
            bi = _big[bi];
        }
        assert(false);
    }
    int dist(int a, int b) const {
        int c = lca(a, b);
        return dps[a] + dps[b] - 2 * dps[c];
    }
};

template <class E> struct HLExec : HL {
    const VV<E>& g;
    V<int> tch;
    int id = 0;
    HLExec(const VV<E>& _g, int r) : HL(_g.size()), g(_g), tch(g.size(), -1) {
        assert(dfs_sz(r, -1) == int(g.size()));
        dfs(r, -1);
        init_extra();
    }
    void init_extra() {
        // ord, rord, big, small以外を使わないなら不要
        int n = int(g.size());

        // dps
        dps[rord(I{0})] = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            dps[rord(I{i})] = dps[rord(par(I{i}))] + 1;
        }

        // pid, psz, pc
        int l = 0;
        while (l < n) {
            int r = l + 1;
            while (r < n && _small[r] == l) r++;
            psz.push_back(r - l);
            for (int i = l; i < r; i++) {
                pid[i] = pc;
            }
            l = r;
            pc++;
        }

        // out
        for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            _out[i] = max(_out[i], i + 1);
            int p = ord(par(rord(I{i}))).i;
            if (p != -1) _out[p] = max(_out[p], _out[i]);
        }
    }
    int dfs_sz(int p, int b) {
        int sz = 1, msz = -1;
        for (auto e : g[p]) {
            if (e.to == b) continue;
            int u = dfs_sz(e.to, p);
            sz += u;
            if (msz < u) std::tie(tch[p], msz) = std::make_pair(e.to, u);
        }
        return sz;
    }
    void dfs(int p, int b) {
        int q = id++, bq = ord(b).i;
        _ord[p] = q;
        _rord[q] = p;
        if (b == -1 || bq != q - 1) {
            _small[q] = q;
            _big[q] = bq;
        } else {
            _small[q] = _small[bq];
            _big[q] = _big[bq];
        }
        if (tch[p] == -1) return;
        dfs(tch[p], p);
        for (auto e : g[p]) {
            if (e.to == b || e.to == tch[p]) continue;
            dfs(e.to, p);
        }
    }
};

template <class E> HL get_hl(const VV<E>& g, int r) { return HLExec<E>(g, r); }


int main() {
    int n, q;
    sc.read(n, q);
    //n = 100000;
    //q = n;

    struct E { int to; };
    VV<E> g(n);
    for (int _ : iota(0, n - 1)) {
        int u, v;
        sc.read(u, v);
        u--; v--;

        //u = _;
        //v = _ + 1;

        g[u].push_back({v});
        g[v].push_back({u});
    }
    auto hl = get_hl(g, 0);

    V<uint> a(n);
    for (int i : iota(0, n)) {
        a[hl.ord(i).i] = i + 1;
    }

    for (int _ : iota(0, q)) {
        string s;
        sc.read(s);
        int u, v;
        sc.read(u, v);
        u--; v--;

        // std::tie(u, v) = uniform_pair(0, n - 1);
        
        int w = hl.lca(u, v);

        int ty = s == "?" ? 0 : 1;
        //int ty = uniform(0, 1);

        if (ty == 0) {
            uint x = 0;
            hl.get_path(w, u, [&](auto l, auto r) {
                for (int i : iota(l.i, r.i + 1)) {
                    x ^= a[i];
                }
            });
            hl.get_path(hl.par(w), v, [&](auto l, auto r) {
                for (int i : iota(l.i, r.i + 1)) {
                    x ^= a[i];
                }
            });

            pr.writeln(x);
        } else {
            uint x;
            sc.read(x);
            // x = uniform(0, 10000);

            hl.get_path(w, u, [&](auto l, auto r) {
                for (int i : iota(l.i, r.i + 1)) {
                    a[i] += x;
                }
            });
            hl.get_path(hl.par(w), v, [&](auto l, auto r) {
                for (int i : iota(l.i, r.i + 1)) {
                    a[i] += x;
                }
            });
        }
    }
    return 0;
}