#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define X first
#define Y second
#define PB push_back
#define x first
#define y second
#define pb push_back
#define all(a) begin(a),end(a)

using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef vector<int> vi;
using pii=pair<int,int>;

const int N = 1e5 + 500;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int MOD = 998244353;
const char en='\n';
const ll LLINF=1ll<<60;

string f(string s,int off)
{
	//cout << s << endl;
	if (s.size()==2)
	{
		if (s == "01") return string(1,'a'+off);
		if (s == "??") return "?";
		if (s[0] == '0' || s[1] == '0') 
			return "F";
		return "T";
	}
	int cl=s.size();
	
	string s1=s.substr(0,cl/2),s2=s.substr(cl/2);
	
	for(int i = 0;i < (int)s1.size();i++) {
		if(s1[i] == s2[i] && s1[i] == '1') {
			s2[i] = '?'; 
		}
	}
	
	string re_s1 = f(s1, off - 1), re_s2 = f(s2, off - 1);
	
	if(re_s1 == "?" && re_s2 == "?") return "?";
	if((re_s1 == "T" || re_s1 == "?") && (re_s2 == "T" || re_s2 == "?")) return "T";
	if((re_s1 == "F" || re_s1 == "?") && (re_s2 == "F" || re_s2 == "?")) return "F";

	if(re_s2 == "F" || re_s2 == "?") return re_s1;
	if(re_s1 == "T" || re_s1 == "?") return re_s2;

	string re=string(1,'a'+off);	
	if (re_s2 != "T" && re_s2 != "?") re="("+re+"&"+re_s2+")";
	
	if (re_s1 != "F" && re_s1 != "?") re="("+re+"|"+re_s1+")";
	
	return re;
}

int t,n;

int main() {
	ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
	cin.tie(0);
	cin>>t;
	while (t--)
	{
		cin>>n;
		string s;
		cin>>s;
		
		if(false) {
			s.resize(1<<n);
			int x;
			cin>>x;
			for (int i=0;i<(1<<n);++i)
			{
				int wei=0;
				for (int j=0;j<n;++j) if ((i>>j)&1) wei+=j+1;
				if (wei>=x) s[i]='1';
				else s[i]='0';
			}
		} 
		bool ok=1;
		for (int b=0;b<n;++b) for (int i=0;i<(1<<n);++i) if ((i>>b)&1)
		{
			if (s[i^(1<<b)]=='1' && s[i]=='0') ok=0;
		}
		//cout<<n<<' '<<s<<endl;
		if (!ok)
		{
			cout<<"No\n";
			//cout<<flush;
			continue;
		}
		cout<<"Yes\n";
		//cout<<flush;
		string odg=f(s,n-1);
		cout<<odg<<en;
		//cout<<(odg.size()-1)/4<<en;
	}
}