#ifndef LOCAL
#pragma GCC optimize ("Ofast")
#pragma GCC optimize ("unroll-loops")
#endif

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

using ll=long long;
#define int ll

bool dbg=false;

#define rng(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i<int(b);i++)
#define rep(i,b) rng(i,0,b)
#define gnr(i,a,b) for(int i=int(b)-1;i>=int(a);i--)
#define per(i,b) gnr(i,0,b)
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define a first
#define b second
#define bg begin()
#define ed end()
#define all(x) x.bg,x.ed
#define si(x) int(x.size())
#ifdef LOCAL
#define dmp(x) cerr<<__LINE__<<" "<<#x<<" "<<x<<endl
#else
#define dmp(x) void(0)
#endif

template<class t,class u> bool chmax(t&a,u b){if(a<b){a=b;return true;}else return false;}
template<class t,class u> bool chmin(t&a,u b){if(b<a){a=b;return true;}else return false;}

template<class t> using vc=vector<t>;
template<class t> using vvc=vc<vc<t>>;

using pi=pair<int,int>;
using vi=vc<int>;
using vvi=vc<vc<int>>;

template<class t,class u>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const pair<t,u>& p){
	return os<<"{"<<p.a<<","<<p.b<<"}";
}

template<class t> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const vc<t>& v){
	os<<"{";
	for(auto e:v)os<<e<<",";
	return os<<"}";
}

#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define one(x) memset(x,-1,sizeof(x))
#define zero(x) memset(x,0,sizeof(x))
#ifdef LOCAL
void dmpr(ostream&os){os<<endl;}
template<class T,class... Args>
void dmpr(ostream&os,const T&t,const Args&... args){
	os<<t<<" ";
	dmpr(os,args...);
}
#define dmp2(...) dmpr(cerr,__LINE__,##__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define dmp2(...) void(0)
#endif

using uint=unsigned;
using ull=unsigned long long;

template<class t,size_t n>
ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const array<t,n>&a){
	return os<<vc<t>(all(a));
}

ll rand_int(ll l, ll r) { //[l, r]
	//#ifdef LOCAL
	static mt19937_64 gen;
	/*#else
	static mt19937_64 gen(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
	#endif*/
	return uniform_int_distribution<ll>(l, r)(gen);
}

ll rand_int(ll k){ //[0,k)
	return rand_int(0,k-1);
}
string rand_string(int n,char lw,char up){
	string s(n,'?');
	rep(i,n)s[i]=rand_int(lw,up);
	return s;
}

int current_run_id,run_batch_size=1000;
int calc_random_limit(){
	return current_run_id/run_batch_size+1;
}
template<class t>
void generate_single(t&a){
	a=rand_int(1,calc_random_limit());
}
void generate_single(string&a){
	int n;generate_single(n);
	a=rand_string(n,'a','b');
}
template<class t,class u>
void generate_single(pair<t,u>&a){
	generate_single(a.a);
	generate_single(a.b);
}
//https://trap.jp/post/1224/
template<class... Args>
void input(Args&... a){
	if(dbg){
		(generate_single(a),...);
	}else{
		#ifdef USE_FAST_IO
		sc.read(a...);
		#else
		(cin >> ... >> a);
		#endif
	}
}
#define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define ULL(...) ull __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define CHR(...) char __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define DBL(...) double __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__;input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define overload3(a,b,c,d,...) d
#define VI2(name,size) vi name(size);rep(i_##name,size)input(name[i_##name]);
#define VI3(name,size,offset) vi name(size);rep(i_##name,size)input(name[i_##name]),name[i_##name]+=offset;
#define VI(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__,VI3,VI2)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define VPI(name,size) vc<pi> name(size);rep(i_##name,size)input(name[i_##name]);
#define VVI(name,sizeN,sizeM) vvi name(sizeN,vi(sizeM));\
rep(i_##name,sizeN)rep(j_##name,sizeM)input(name[i_##name][j_##name]);
#define VS(name,size) vc<string> name(size);rep(i_##name,size)input(name[i_##name]);
#define VMI(name,size) vc<mint> name(size);rep(i_##name,size){INT(tmp_##name);name[i_##name]=tmp_##name;};

#define overload5(a,b,c,d,e,f,...) f
#define VVC4(type,name,sizeN,sizeM) vvc<type> name(sizeN,vc<type>(sizeM));
#define VVC5(type,name,sizeN,sizeM,ini) vvc<type> name(sizeN,vc<type>(sizeM,ini));
#define VVC(...) overload5(__VA_ARGS__,VVC5,VVC4)(__VA_ARGS__)

template<class T>
T vvvc(T v){
	return v;
}

template<class T,class...Args>
auto vvvc(int n,T v,Args...args){
	return vector(n,vvvc(v,args...));
}

template<int i,class T>
void print_tuple(ostream&,const T&){
}

template<int i,class T,class H,class ...Args>
void print_tuple(ostream&os,const T&t){
	if(i)os<<",";
	os<<get<i>(t);
	print_tuple<i+1,T,Args...>(os,t);
}

template<class ...Args>
ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const tuple<Args...>&t){
	os<<"{";
	print_tuple<0,tuple<Args...>,Args...>(os,t);
	return os<<"}";
}

void printsuc(int suc){
	#ifdef USE_FAST_IO
		if(suc==1)pr.write('\n');
		if(suc==2)pr.write(' ');
	#else
		if(suc==1){
			if(dbg)cout<<endl;
			else{
				#ifdef LOCAL
				cout<<endl;
				#else
				cout<<"\n";
				#endif
			}
		}
		if(suc==2)
			cout<<" ";
	#endif
}

template<class t>
void print_single(t x,int suc=1){
	#ifdef USE_FAST_IO
	pr.write(x);
	#else
	cout<<x;
	#endif
	printsuc(suc);
}

template<class t,class u>
void print_single(const pair<t,u>&p,int suc=1){
	print_single(p.a,2);
	print_single(p.b,suc);
}

template<class T>
void print_single(const vector<T>&v,int suc=1){
	rep(i,v.size())
		print_single(v[i],i==int(v.size())-1?3:2);
	printsuc(suc);
}

template<class T,size_t N>
void print_single(const array<T,N>&v,int suc=1){
	rep(i,N)
		print_single(v[i],i==int(N)-1?3:2);
	printsuc(suc);
}

template<class T>
void print(const T&t){
	print_single(t);
}

template<class T,class ...Args>
void print(const T&t,const Args&...args){
	print_single(t,2);
	print(args...);
}

template<class T>
void printvv(const vvc<T>&vs){
	for(const auto&row:vs)print(row);
}

string readString(){
	string s;
	cin>>s;
	return s;
}

template<class T>
T sq(const T& t){
	return t*t;
}

void YES(bool ex=true){
	cout<<"YES\n";
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void NO(bool ex=true){
	cout<<"NO\n";
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void Yes(bool ex=true){
	cout<<"Yes\n";
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void No(bool ex=true){
	cout<<"No\n";
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
//#define CAPITAL
/*
void yes(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"YES"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Yes"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void no(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"NO"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"No"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}*/
void possible(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"POSSIBLE"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Possible"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void impossible(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"IMPOSSIBLE"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Impossible"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}

constexpr ll ten(int n){
	return n==0?1:ten(n-1)*10;
}

const ll infLL=LLONG_MAX/3;

#ifdef int
const int inf=infLL;
#else
const int inf=INT_MAX/2-100;
#endif

int topbit(signed t){
	return t==0?-1:31-__builtin_clz(t);
}
int topbit(ll t){
	return t==0?-1:63-__builtin_clzll(t);
}
int topbit(ull t){
	return t==0?-1:63-__builtin_clzll(t);
}
int botbit(signed a){
	return a==0?32:__builtin_ctz(a);
}
int botbit(ll a){
	return a==0?64:__builtin_ctzll(a);
}
int botbit(ull a){
	return a==0?64:__builtin_ctzll(a);
}
int popcount(signed t){
	return __builtin_popcount(t);
}
int popcount(ll t){
	return __builtin_popcountll(t);
}
int popcount(ull t){
	return __builtin_popcountll(t);
}
int bitparity(ll t){
	return __builtin_parityll(t);
}
bool ispow2(int i){
	return i&&(i&-i)==i;
}
ll mask(int i){
	return (ll(1)<<i)-1;
}
ull umask(int i){
	return (ull(1)<<i)-1;
}
ll minp2(ll n){
	if(n<=1)return 1;
	else return ll(1)<<(topbit(n-1)+1);
}

bool inc(int a,int b,int c){
	return a<=b&&b<=c;
}

template<class S> void mkuni(S&v){
	sort(all(v));
	v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.ed);
}

template<class t> bool isuni(vc<t> v){
	int s=si(v);
	mkuni(v);
	return si(v)==s;
}

template<class t>
void myshuffle(vc<t>&a){
	rep(i,si(a))swap(a[i],a[rand_int(0,i)]);
}

template<class S,class u>
int lwb(const S&v,const u&a){
	return lower_bound(all(v),a)-v.bg;
}
template<class t,class u>
bool bis(const vc<t>&v,const u&a){
	return binary_search(all(v),a);
}

//VERIFY: yosupo
//KUPC2017J
//AOJDSL1A
//without rank
struct unionfind{
	vi p,s;
	int c;
	unionfind(int n):p(n,-1),s(n,1),c(n){}
	void clear(){
		fill(all(p),-1);
		fill(all(s),1);
		c=si(p);
	}
	int find(int a){
		return p[a]==-1?a:(p[a]=find(p[a]));
	}
	//set b to a child of a
	bool unite(int a,int b){
		a=find(a);
		b=find(b);
		if(a==b)return false;
		p[b]=a;
		s[a]+=s[b];
		c--;
		return true;
	}
	bool same(int a,int b){
		return find(a)==find(b);
	}
	int sz(int a){
		return s[find(a)];
	}
};

vvc<int> readGraph(int n,int m){
	vvc<int> g(n);
	rep(i,m){
		int a,b;
		cin>>a>>b;
		//sc.read(a,b);
		a--;b--;
		g[a].pb(b);
		g[b].pb(a);
	}
	return g;
}

vvc<int> rand_tree(int n){
	vvc<int> t(n);
	unionfind uf(n);
	while(uf.c>1){
		int a=rand_int(n);
		int b=rand_int(n);
		if(uf.unite(a,b)){
			t[a].pb(b);
			t[b].pb(a);
		}
	}
	return t;
}

vvc<int> readTree(int n){
	if(dbg){
		return rand_tree(n);
	}else{
		return readGraph(n,n-1);
	}
}

vi readRooted(int n){
	assert(!dbg);
	vi par(n,-1);
	rng(i,1,n){
		input(par[i]);
		par[i]--;
		assert(inc(0,par[i],i-1));
	}
	return par;
}

void printTree(const vvc<int> t){
	int n=si(t);
	int degsum=0;
	rep(i,n)degsum+=si(t[i]);
	if(degsum==n-1){
		//directed
		rep(i,si(t))for(auto j:t[i]){
			print(i+1,j+1);
		}
	}else if(degsum==2*(n-1)){
		//undirected
		rep(i,si(t))for(auto j:t[i])if(i<j){
			print(i+1,j+1);
		}
	}else{
		assert(false);
	}
}

template<class t>
vc<t> presum(const vc<t>&a){
	vc<t> s(si(a)+1);
	rep(i,si(a))s[i+1]=s[i]+a[i];
	return s;
}
vc<ll> presum(const vi&a){
	vc<ll> s(si(a)+1);
	rep(i,si(a))s[i+1]=s[i]+a[i];
	return s;
}
//BIT で数列を管理するときに使う (CF850C)
template<class t>
vc<t> predif(vc<t> a){
	gnr(i,1,si(a))a[i]-=a[i-1];
	return a;
}
template<class t>
vvc<ll> imos(const vvc<t>&a){
	int n=si(a),m=si(a[0]);
	vvc<ll> b(n+1,vc<ll>(m+1));
	rep(i,n)rep(j,m)
		b[i+1][j+1]=b[i+1][j]+b[i][j+1]-b[i][j]+a[i][j];
	return b;
}

//verify してないや
void transvvc(int&n,int&m){
	swap(n,m);
}
template<class t,class... Args>
void transvvc(int&n,int&m,vvc<t>&a,Args&...args){
	assert(si(a)==n);
	vvc<t> b(m,vi(n));
	rep(i,n){
		assert(si(a[i])==m);
		rep(j,m)b[j][i]=a[i][j];
	}
	a.swap(b);
	transvvc(n,m,args...);
}
//CF854E
void rotvvc(int&n,int&m){
	swap(n,m);
}
template<class t,class... Args>
void rotvvc(int&n,int&m,vvc<t>&a,Args&...args){
	assert(si(a)==n);
	vvc<t> b(m,vi(n));
	rep(i,n){
		assert(si(a[i])==m);
		rep(j,m)b[m-1-j][i]=a[i][j];
	}
	a.swap(b);
	rotvvc(n,m,args...);
}

//ソートして i 番目が idx[i]
//CF850C
template<class t>
vi sortidx(const vc<t>&a){
	int n=si(a);
	vi idx(n);iota(all(idx),0);
	sort(all(idx),[&](int i,int j){return a[i]<a[j];});
	return idx;
}
//vs[i]=a[idx[i]]
//例えば sortidx で得た idx を使えば単にソート列になって返ってくる
//CF850C
template<class t>
vc<t> a_idx(const vc<t>&a,const vi&idx){
	int n=si(a);
	assert(si(idx)==n);
	vc<t> vs(n);
	rep(i,n)vs[i]=a[idx[i]];
	return vs;
}
//CF850C
vi invperm(const vi&p){
	int n=si(p);
	vi q(n);
	rep(i,n)q[p[i]]=i;
	return q;
}

template<class t,class s=t>
s SUM(const vc<t>&a){
	return accumulate(all(a),s(0));
}
template<class t,size_t K,class s=t>
s SUM(const array<t,K>&a){
	return accumulate(all(a),s(0));
}

template<class t>
t MAX(const vc<t>&a){
	return *max_element(all(a));
}

template<class t>
pair<t,int> MAXi(const vc<t>&a){
	auto itr=max_element(all(a));
	return mp(*itr,itr-a.bg);
}

template<class A>
auto MIN(const A&a){
	return *min_element(all(a));
}

template<class t>
pair<t,int> MINi(const vc<t>&a){
	auto itr=min_element(all(a));
	return mp(*itr,itr-a.bg);
}

vi vid(int n){
	vi res(n);iota(all(res),0);
	return res;
}

template<class S>
void soin(S&s){
	sort(all(s));
}

template<class S,class F>
void soin(S&s,F&&f){
	sort(all(s),forward<F>(f));
}

template<class S>
S soout(S s){
	soin(s);
	return s;
}

template<class S>
void rein(S&s){
	reverse(all(s));
}

template<class S>
S reout(S s){
	rein(s);
	return s;
}

template<class t,class u>
pair<t,u>&operator+=(pair<t,u>&a,pair<t,u> b){
	a.a+=b.a;a.b+=b.b;return a;}
template<class t,class u>
pair<t,u>&operator-=(pair<t,u>&a,pair<t,u> b){
	a.a-=b.a;a.b-=b.b;return a;}
template<class t,class u>
pair<t,u> operator+(pair<t,u> a,pair<t,u> b){return mp(a.a+b.a,a.b+b.b);}
template<class t,class u>
pair<t,u> operator-(pair<t,u> a,pair<t,u> b){return mp(a.a-b.a,a.b-b.b);}
template<class t,class u,class v>
pair<t,u>&operator*=(pair<t,u>&a,v b){
	a.a*=b;a.b*=b;return a;}
template<class t,class u,class v>
pair<t,u> operator*(pair<t,u> a,v b){return a*=b;}
template<class t,class u>
pair<t,u> operator-(pair<t,u> a){return mp(-a.a,-a.b);}
namespace std{
template<class t,class u>
istream&operator>>(istream&is,pair<t,u>&a){
	return is>>a.a>>a.b;
}
}

template<class t,size_t n>
array<t,n>&operator+=(array<t,n>&a,const array<t,n>&b){
	rep(i,n)a[i]+=b[i];
	return a;
}
template<class t,size_t n,class v>
array<t,n>&operator*=(array<t,n>&a,v b){
	rep(i,n)a[i]*=b;
	return a;
}
template<class t,size_t n,class v>
array<t,n> operator*(array<t,n> a,v b){return a*=b;}

template<class t>
t gpp(vc<t>&vs){
	assert(si(vs));
	t res=move(vs.back());
	vs.pop_back();
	return res;
}

template<class t,class u>
void pb(vc<t>&a,const vc<u>&b){
	a.insert(a.ed,all(b));
}

template<class t,class...Args>
vc<t> cat(vc<t> a,Args&&...b){
	(pb(a,forward<Args>(b)),...);
	return a;
}

template<class t,class u>
vc<t>& operator+=(vc<t>&a,u x){
	for(auto&v:a)v+=x;
	return a;
}

template<class t,class u>
vc<t> operator+(vc<t> a,u x){
	return a+=x;
}

template<class t>
vc<t>& operator+=(vc<t>&a,const vc<t>&b){
	a.resize(max(si(a),si(b)));
	rep(i,si(b))a[i]+=b[i];
	return a;
}

template<class t>
vc<t> operator+(const vc<t>&a,const vc<t>&b){
	vc<t> c(max(si(a),si(b)));
	rep(i,si(a))c[i]+=a[i];
	rep(i,si(b))c[i]+=b[i];
	return c;
}

template<class t,class u>
vc<t>& operator-=(vc<t>&a,u x){
	for(auto&v:a)v-=x;
	return a;
}
template<class t,class u>
vc<t> operator-(vc<t> a,u x){
	return a-=x;
}
template<class t>
vc<t>& operator-=(vc<t>&a,const vc<t>&b){
	a.resize(max(si(a),si(b)));
	rep(i,si(b))a[i]-=b[i];
	return a;
}
/*
template<class t>
vc<t> operator-(const vc<t>&a,const vc<t>&b){
	vc<t> c(max(si(a),si(b)));
	rep(i,si(a))c[i]+=a[i];
	rep(i,si(b))c[i]-=b[i];
	return c;
}
*/
template<class t,class u>
vc<t>& operator*=(vc<t>&a,u x){
	for(auto&v:a)v*=x;
	return a;
}
template<class t,class u>
vc<t> operator*(vc<t> a,u x){
	return a*=x;
}

template<class t,class u>
vc<t>& operator/=(vc<t>&a,u x){
	for(auto&v:a)v/=x;
	return a;
}
template<class t,class u>
vc<t> operator/(vc<t> a,u x){
	return a/=x;
}

template<class t>
vc<t>& operator<<=(vc<t>&a,int k){
	assert(k>=0);
	a.insert(a.bg,k,t(0));
	return a;
}
template<class t>
vc<t> operator<<(vc<t> a,int k){
	return a<<=k;
}

template<class t>
vc<t>& operator>>=(vc<t>&a,int k){
	if(si(a)<=k)a.clear();
	else a.erase(a.bg,a.bg+k);
	return a;
}
template<class t>
vc<t> operator>>(vc<t> a,int k){
	return a>>=k;
}

template<class t,class u>
void remval(vc<t>&a,const u&v){
	a.erase(remove(all(a),v),a.ed);
}
//消した要素の個数を返してくれる
//UCUP 2-8-F
template<class t,class F>
int remif(vc<t>&a,F f){
	auto itr=remove_if(all(a),f);
	int res=a.ed-itr;
	a.erase(itr,a.ed);
	return res;
}
template<class t>
void rempos(vc<t>&a,int i){
	assert(inc(0,i,si(a)-1));
	a.erase(a.bg+i);
}

template<class VS,class u>
void fila(VS&vs,const u&a){
	fill(all(vs),a);
}

template<class t,class u>
int findid(const vc<t>&vs,const u&a){
	auto itr=find(all(vs),a);
	if(itr==vs.ed)return -1;
	else return itr-vs.bg;
}

template<class t>
void rtt(vc<t>&vs,int i){
	rotate(vs.bg,vs.bg+i,vs.ed);
}

//Multiuni2023-8 C
//f(lw)=false,...,f(n-1)=false,f(n)=true,...,f(up)=true,
//のときに n を返す
template<class F>
int find_min_true(int lw,int up,F f){
	while(up-lw>1){
		const int mid=(lw+up)/2;
		if(f(mid))up=mid;
		else lw=mid;
	}
	return up;
}
//f(lw)=true,f(up)=false
template<class F>
int find_max_true(int lw,int up,F f){
	while(up-lw>1){
		const int mid=(lw+up)/2;
		if(f(mid))lw=mid;
		else up=mid;
	}
	return lw;
}

template<class t> using pqmin=priority_queue<t,vc<t>,greater<t>>;
template<class t> using pqmax=priority_queue<t>;
using T=tuple<int,int,int>;

//Montgomery
//Ucup1-10 G (モンゴメリじゃないとTLE)
struct modinfo{
	using u128=__uint128_t;
	ull n,n2,r,t,e;
	modinfo(ull nn){
		n=nn;
        assert(n<(1ull<<62));
        assert(n%2==1);
        n2=n*2;
        r=n&3;
        rep(_,5)r*=2-n*r;
        r=-r;
        assert(r*n==-1ull);
        t=-ull(n)%n;
        e=-u128(n)%n;
	}
	ull add(ull x,ull y)const{x+=y;return x<n2?x:x-n2;}
	ull re(u128 x)const{return (x+u128(ull(x)*r)*n)>>64;}
	ull mult(ull x,ull y)const{return re(u128(x)*y);}
	ull en(ull x)const{return mult(x,e);}
	ull de(ull x)const{x=re(x);return x<n?x:x-n;}
};
template<modinfo const&ref>
struct modular{
	static constexpr ull const &mod=ref.n;
	static constexpr ull const &mod2=ref.n2;
	ull v;
	modular(ll vv=0){v=ref.en(vv%(ll)mod+mod);}
	modular operator-()const{return modular()-*this;}
	modular&operator+=(const modular&rhs){v=ref.add(v,rhs.v);return *this;}
	modular&operator-=(const modular&rhs){v=ref.add(v,mod2-rhs.v);return *this;}
	modular&operator*=(const modular&rhs){v=ref.mult(v,rhs.v);return *this;}
	modular&operator/=(const modular&rhs){return *this*=rhs.inv();}
	modular operator+(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)+=rhs;}
	modular operator-(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)-=rhs;}
	modular operator*(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)*=rhs;}
	modular operator/(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)/=rhs;}
	modular pow(ll n)const{
		modular res(1),x(*this);
		while(n){
			if(n&1)res*=x;
			x*=x;
			n>>=1;
		}
		return res;
	}
	modular inv()const{return pow(mod-2);}
	friend modular operator+(ll x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)+y;
	}
	friend modular operator-(ll x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)-y;
	}
	friend modular operator*(ll x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)*y;
	}
	friend modular operator/(ll x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)/y;
	}
	ull val()const{return ref.de(v);}
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const modular&m){
		return os<<m.val();
	}
	friend istream& operator>>(istream&is,modular&m){
		ll x;is>>x;
		m=modular(x);
		return is;
	}
	bool operator<(const modular&r)const{return val()<r.val();}
	bool operator==(const modular&r)const{return val()==r.val();}
	bool operator!=(const modular&r)const{return val()!=r.val();}
	explicit operator bool()const{
		return val();
	}
};

template<class mint>
ll m2l(mint a){
	ull v=a.val();
	return v<mint::mod/2?v:ll(v)-ll(mint::mod);
}

//2^62 未満での最大の素数
const modinfo base(4611686018427387847ll);
//modinfo base(1);
using mint=modular<base>;

//random primitive root
//3277392570379474389

mint parity(int i){
	return i%2==0?1:-1;
}

vc<mint> powbuf(mint v,int n){
	vc<mint> res(n+1);
	res[0]=1;
	rep(i,n)res[i+1]=res[i]*v;
	return res;
}

//N() が単位元
//VERIFY: yosupo
//CF407E
template<class N>
struct segtree{
	vc<N> x;
	int n,s;
	segtree(){}
	template<class t>
	segtree(const vc<t>&a){
		n=a.size();
		s=1;
		while(s<n){s*=2;}
		x.resize(s*2);
		rep(i,n)
			x[s+i]=N(a[i]);
		gnr(i,1,s)
			x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	//NOT Verified
	segtree(int nn){
		resize(nn);
	}
	void resize(int nn){
		n=nn;
		s=1;
		while(s<n){s*=2;}
		x.assign(s*2,N());
		gnr(i,1,s)
			x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	template<class t>
	void init(const vc<t>&a){
		n=a.size();
		s=1;
		while(s<n){s*=2;}
		x.resize(s*2);
		rep(i,n)
			x[s+i]=N(a[i]);
		rng(i,n,s)
			x[s+i]=N();
		gnr(i,1,s)
			x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	void clear(){
		rep(i,n)
			x[s+i]=N();
		gnr(i,1,s)
			x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	N point_get(int i){
		assert(inc(0,i,n-1));
		return x[i+s];
	}
	void point_set(int i,const N&t){
		assert(inc(0,i,n-1));
		i+=s;
		x[i]=t;
		while(i>>=1)x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	void point_merge(int i,const N&t){
		assert(inc(0,i,n-1));
		i+=s;
		x[i]=N::merge(x[i],t);
		while(i>>=1)x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	template<class F,class...Args>
	void point_change(int i,F f,Args&&...args){
		assert(inc(0,i,n-1));
		i+=s;
		(x[i].*f)(forward<Args>(args)...);
		while(i>>=1)x[i]=N::merge(x[i*2],x[i*2+1]);
	}
	N composite(int b,int e){
		assert(0<=b&&b<=e&&e<=n);
		N lf,rt;
		for(int l=b+s,r=e+s;l<r;l>>=1,r>>=1){
			if (l&1){
				lf=N::merge(lf,x[l]);
				l++;
			}
			if (r&1){
				r--;
				rt=N::merge(x[r],rt);
			}
		}
		return N::merge(lf,rt);
	}
	N getall(){
		return x[1];
	}
	//UTPC2020E
	//n 超えるかもしれない
	template <class F,class... Args> 
	pair<int,N> max_right(int l,F f,Args&&... args){
		assert((N().*f)(forward<Args>(args)...));
		assert(0<=l&&l<=n);
		if(l==n)return mp(n,N());
		l+=s;
		
		N sm;
		assert((sm.*f)(forward<Args>(args)...));
		do {
			while (l % 2 == 0) l >>= 1;
			if (!(N::merge(sm,x[l]).*f)(forward<Args>(args)...)){
				while (l < s) {
					l = (2 * l);
					N tmp=N::merge(sm,x[l]);
					if ((tmp.*f)(forward<Args>(args)...)) {
						sm = tmp;
						l++;
					}
				}
				return mp(l - s,sm);
			}
			sm = N::merge(sm, x[l]);
			l++;
		} while ((l & -l) != l);
		return mp(n,sm);
	}
	//UCUP-2-22-K
	template <class F,class... Args> 
	pair<int,N> min_left_withinit(int r,N sm,F f,Args&&... args){
		assert((sm.*f)(forward<Args>(args)...));
		assert(0<=r&&r<=n);
        if(r==0)return mp(0,sm);
        r+=s;
        do {
            r--;
            while (r > 1 && (r % 2)) r >>= 1;
            if (!(N::merge(x[r],sm).*f)(forward<Args>(args)...)) {
                while (r < s) {
                    r = (2 * r + 1);
                    N tmp=N::merge(x[r],sm);
                    if ((tmp.*f)(forward<Args>(args)...)) {
                        sm = tmp;
                        r--;
                    }
                }
                return mp(r + 1 - s,sm);
            }
            sm = N::merge(x[r], sm);
        } while ((r & -r) != r);
        return mp(0,sm);
    }
	//UTPC2020E
	template <class F,class... Args> 
	pair<int,N> min_left(int r,F f,Args&&... args){
		return min_left_withinit(r,N(),f,forward<Args>(args)...);
    }
    //行列とか乗せて必要なのはベクトルとの積，みたいなときに使える？
    //CF Goodbye 2016 E
    //CF 896 F
	template<class F,class T,class... Args>
	T accumulate(int l,int r,F f,T t,Args&&... args) {
		assert(0<=l&&l<=r&&r<=n);
		static int buf[2][30];
		int cnt[2]{};
		for(l+=s,r+=s;l<r;l>>=1,r>>=1){
			if(l&1)buf[0][cnt[0]++]=l;
			if(r&1)buf[1][cnt[1]++]=r-1;
			l++;
		}
		rep(i,cnt[0])t=(x[buf[0][i]].*f)(t,forward<Args>(args)...);
		per(i,cnt[1])t=(x[buf[1][i]].*f)(t,forward<Args>(args)...);
		return t;
	}
};

const mint B=3277392570379474389;
const mint Binv=B.inv();
mint X[4],Xinv[4];

struct N{
	int l,r;
	mint v,w;
	N():l(0),r(0),v(0),w(1){}
	N(int a){
		if(a%2==0){
			l=1;
			r=0;
			v=X[a/2];
			w=B;
		}else{
			l=0;
			r=1;
			v=-X[a/2]*Binv;
			w=Binv;
		}
	}
	static N merge(const N&a,const N&b){
		N res;
		res.l=max(a.l,b.l-a.r+a.l);
		res.r=max(a.r-b.l+b.r,b.r);
		res.v=a.v+b.v*a.w;
		res.w=a.w*b.w;
		return res;
	}
};

//sz: size of the matching
//mt[i]: matching mate of the vertex i
//VERIFY: yosupo
//NEERC2018B
//Petrozavodsk 2019w Day1 A
//頂点をランダムシャッフルすることで速くなる(UTPC2022)
//頂点を見る順番をランダムにするよりも入力のグラフをランダムにしたほうがいい（なんで？）
struct maxmatching{
	struct E{int a,b;};
	const vvc<int>&g;
	int n,sz;
	vi p,t,mt;
	vc<E> f;
	int non(int v){
		return t[v]!=sz||p[v]==-1?v:(p[v]=non(p[v]));
	}
	void R(int a,int b){
		int d=mt[a];
		mt[a]=b;
		if(d==-1||mt[d]!=a)return;
		if(f[a].b==-1){
			mt[d]=f[a].a;
			R(f[a].a,d);
		}else{
			R(f[a].a,f[a].b);
			R(f[a].b,f[a].a);
		}
	}
	bool arg(int rt){
		static vi q;q.clear();
		int head=0;
		t[rt]=sz;
		p[rt]=-1;
		f[rt]=E{-1,-1};
		q.pb(rt);
		while(head<si(q)){
			int a=q[head++];
			for(auto b:g[a]){
				if(b==rt)continue;
				if(mt[b]==-1){
					mt[b]=a;
					R(a,b);
					return true;
				}
				if(t[b]==sz){
					int x=non(a),y=non(b);
					if(x==y)continue;
					int z=rt;
					while(x!=rt||y!=rt){
						if(y!=rt)swap(x,y);
						if(f[x].a==a&&f[x].b==b){
							z=x;
							break;
						}
						f[x]=E{a,b};
						x=non(f[mt[x]].a);
					}
					for(auto v:{non(a),non(b)}){
						while(v!=z){
							t[v]=sz;
							p[v]=z;
							q.pb(v);
							v=non(f[mt[v]].a);
						}
					}
					continue;
				}
				if(t[mt[b]]==sz)continue;
				f[b]=E{-1,-1};
				t[mt[b]]=sz;
				p[mt[b]]=b;
				f[mt[b]]=E{a,-1};
				q.pb(mt[b]);
			}
		}
		return false;
	}
	maxmatching(const vvc<int>&gg):g(gg),n(g.size()),sz(0),
		p(n),t(n,-1),mt(n,-1),f(n){
		rep(i,n)if(mt[i]==-1){
			sz+=arg(i);
		}
	}
	//codechef HAMILG
	//res[i]=最大マッチングに必ず含まれるべき頂点なら 1, そうでないなら 0
	vi need(){
		rep(i,n)if(mt[i]==-1)
			arg(i);
		vi res(n);
		rep(i,n)res[i]=(mt[i]!=-1&&t[i]!=sz);
		return res;
	}
};


const string bra="()[]{}<>";

vi sub(vi a){
	int n=si(a);
	vi jump2=vid(n+1);
	per(i,n){
		if(a[i]%2==0){
			int j=jump2[i+1];
			if(j==-1||j==n)continue;
			if(a[j]==a[i]+1){
				jump2[i]=jump2[j+1];
			}
		}else{
		}
	}
	dmp2(jump2);
	vi res=vid(n+1);
	per(i,n){
		int j=jump2[i];
		if(j<n&&a[j]%2==0){
			res[i]=res[j+1];
		}else{
			res[i]=j;
		}
	}
	return res;
}

bool check(vi x){
	vi cur;
	for(auto v:x){
		if(v%2==0)cur.pb(v);
		else{
			if(si(cur)&&cur.back()==v-1)cur.pop_back();
			else return false;
		}
	}
	return cur.empty();
}

void slv(){
	INT(n,m);
	STR(ini);
	vi a(n);
	if(dbg){
		rep(i,n)a[i]=rand_int(8);
	}else{
		rep(i,n)a[i]=bra.find(ini[i]);
	}
	vi l2r=sub(a);
	vi r2l;
	{
		vi b(n);
		rep(i,n)b[i]=a[i]^1;
		r2l=reout(sub(reout(b)));
		rep(i,n+1)r2l[i]=n-r2l[i];
	}
	
	dmp(l2r);
	dmp(r2l);
	
	int single=0;
	map<mint,pi> buf;
	
	segtree<N> seg(a);
	
	vc<pi> qs;
	
	rep(_,m){
		INT(l,r);
		l--;
		if(dbg){
			l=rand_int(n);
			r=rand_int(l+1,n);
		}
		qs.eb(l,r);
		if(r<=l2r[l]){
			if(r2l[r]<=l){
				single++;
			}else{
				auto w=seg.composite(l,r);
				//dmp2(w.v);
				buf[w.v].a++;
			}
		}else{
			if(r2l[r]<=l){
				auto w=seg.composite(l,r);
				//dmp2(-w.v/w.w);
				buf[-w.v/w.w].b++;
			}else{
				
			}
		}
	}
	
	dmp(single);
	
	int ans=single/2;
	for(auto [key,val]:buf)
		ans+=min(val.a,val.b);
	
	if(dbg){
		int s=si(qs);
		vvc<int> g(s);
		rep(i,s)rng(j,i+1,s){
			bool ok=false;
			{
				vi x;
				rng(k,qs[i].a,qs[i].b)
					x.pb(a[k]);
				rng(k,qs[j].a,qs[j].b)
					x.pb(a[k]);
				if(check(x))ok=true;
			}
			{
				vi x;
				rng(k,qs[j].a,qs[j].b)
					x.pb(a[k]);
				rng(k,qs[i].a,qs[i].b)
					x.pb(a[k]);
				if(check(x))ok=true;
			}
			if(ok){
				g[i].pb(j);
				g[j].pb(i);
			}
		}
		int god=maxmatching(g).sz;
		
		if(god!=ans){
			print(n,m);
			print(a);
			print(qs);
			print(god,ans);
		}
		assert(god==ans);
	}
	
	print(ans);
}

signed main(signed argc,char*argv[]){
	if(argc>1&&strcmp(argv[1],"D")==0)dbg=true;
	
	cin.tie(0);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
	cout<<fixed<<setprecision(20);
	
	rep(k,4){
		X[k]=rand_int(mint::mod);
		Xinv[k]=X[k].inv();
	}
	
	if(dbg){
		while(1){
			if(current_run_id%run_batch_size==0){
				cerr<<"Current Run "<<current_run_id<<endl;
			}
			slv();
			current_run_id++;
		}
	}else{
		int t;cin>>t;rep(_,t)
		slv();
	}
}