#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(0), cin.tie(0)
#define int long long
#define endl '\n'
#define lowbit(x) (x & -x)
#define all(s) s.begin(), s.end()
#define pii pair<int,int>
#define ls(x) (x<<1)
#define rs(x) (x<<1|1)
#define here system("pause")
using namespace std;
template <class T>
inline void read(T &x){
	x = 0;
	char c = getchar();
	bool f = 0;
	for (; !isdigit(c); c = getchar()) f ^= (c == '-');
	for (; isdigit(c); c = getchar()) x = (x << 3) + (x << 1) + (c ^ 48);
	x = f ? -x : x;
}
template <class T>
inline void write(T x){
	if (x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
	if (x < 10) putchar(x + 48);
	else write(x / 10), putchar(x % 10 + 48);
}
template<typename T> void chkmin(T& lhs, const T& rhs) { lhs = lhs > rhs ? rhs : lhs; }
template<typename T> void chkmax(T& lhs, const T& rhs) { lhs = lhs < rhs ? rhs : lhs; }

const int N = 5e5 + 5;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
const int INF = 1e11 + 9;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const double Pi = acos(-1);
inline int pow(int a, int b, int p){ int res = 1%p; while(b){ if(b&1) res=res*a%p; a=a*a%p, b>>=1;} return res;}
inline int inv(int a, int p){ return pow(a,p-2,p)%p;}
mt19937 rnd(chrono::duration_cast<chrono::nanoseconds>(chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count());
int randint(int L, int R) {
	uniform_int_distribution<int> dist(L, R);
	return dist(rnd);
}

inline void sol(){
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	vector<int> fa(n + 1);
	vector<int> leaf(n + 1, 1);
	for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
		cin >> fa[i];
		leaf[fa[i]] = 0;
	}
	
	int ans = 0;
	vector<int> f(n + 1, n);
	for(int i=n;i>=2;i--){
		if(leaf[i]) f[i] = 0;
		ans = max(ans, f[i] + 1);
		f[fa[i]] = min(f[fa[i]], f[i] + 1);
	}
	cout << ans << endl;
}

signed main(){
	IOS;
	int tc = 1;
	cin >> tc;
	cout << fixed << setprecision(10);
	while(tc--){
		sol();
	}
	return 0;
}