#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
template <typename T> inline void read(T &x)
{
	x=0;short f=1;char c=getchar();
	for(;c<'0'||c>'9';c=getchar()) if(c=='-') f=-1;
	for(;c>='0'&&c<='9';c=getchar()) x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(c^48);
	x*=f;return;
}
const double PI=acos(-1);
int n,R;
int main()
{
	int T;read(T);
	while(T--)
	{
		read(n),read(R);
		double ans=2*PI*R;
		while(n--)
		{
			int x,y,r;read(x),read(y),read(r);
			double len=hypot(x,y);
			if(abs(R-r)<=len&&len<=R+r)
			{
				double theta=double(r*r+x*x+y*y-R*R)/(2*r*len);
				theta=acos(theta);
				ans+=2*theta*r;
				theta=double(R*R+x*x+y*y-r*r)/(2*R*len);
				theta=acos(theta);
				ans-=2*theta*R;
			}
		}
		printf("%.10lf\n",ans);
	} 
	return 0;
}