#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <complex>
#include <deque>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <queue>
#include <random>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

using Int = long long;

template <class T1, class T2> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair<T1, T2> &a) { return os << "(" << a.first << ", " << a.second << ")"; };
template <class T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector<T> &as) { const int sz = as.size(); os << "["; for (int i = 0; i < sz; ++i) { if (i >= 256) { os << ", ..."; break; } if (i > 0) { os << ", "; } os << as[i]; } return os << "]"; }
template <class T> void pv(T a, T b) { for (T i = a; i != b; ++i) cerr << *i << " "; cerr << endl; }
template <class T> bool chmin(T &t, const T &f) { if (t > f) { t = f; return true; } return false; }
template <class T> bool chmax(T &t, const T &f) { if (t < f) { t = f; return true; } return false; }
#define COLOR(s) ("\x1b[" s "m")

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Barrett
struct ModInt {
  static unsigned M;
  static unsigned long long NEG_INV_M;
  static void setM(unsigned m) { M = m; NEG_INV_M = -1ULL / M; }
  unsigned x;
  ModInt() : x(0U) {}
  ModInt(unsigned x_) : x(x_ % M) {}
  ModInt(unsigned long long x_) : x(x_ % M) {}
  ModInt(int x_) : x(((x_ %= static_cast<int>(M)) < 0) ? (x_ + static_cast<int>(M)) : x_) {}
  ModInt(long long x_) : x(((x_ %= static_cast<long long>(M)) < 0) ? (x_ + static_cast<long long>(M)) : x_) {}
  ModInt &operator+=(const ModInt &a) { x = ((x += a.x) >= M) ? (x - M) : x; return *this; }
  ModInt &operator-=(const ModInt &a) { x = ((x -= a.x) >= M) ? (x + M) : x; return *this; }
  ModInt &operator*=(const ModInt &a) {
    const unsigned long long y = static_cast<unsigned long long>(x) * a.x;
    const unsigned long long q = static_cast<unsigned long long>((static_cast<unsigned __int128>(NEG_INV_M) * y) >> 64);
    const unsigned long long r = y - M * q;
    x = r - M * (r >= M);
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator/=(const ModInt &a) { return (*this *= a.inv()); }
  ModInt pow(long long e) const {
    if (e < 0) return inv().pow(-e);
    ModInt a = *this, b = 1U; for (; e; e >>= 1) { if (e & 1) b *= a; a *= a; } return b;
  }
  ModInt inv() const {
    unsigned a = M, b = x; int y = 0, z = 1;
    for (; b; ) { const unsigned q = a / b; const unsigned c = a - q * b; a = b; b = c; const int w = y - static_cast<int>(q) * z; y = z; z = w; }
    assert(a == 1U); return ModInt(y);
  }
  ModInt operator+() const { return *this; }
  ModInt operator-() const { ModInt a; a.x = x ? (M - x) : 0U; return a; }
  ModInt operator+(const ModInt &a) const { return (ModInt(*this) += a); }
  ModInt operator-(const ModInt &a) const { return (ModInt(*this) -= a); }
  ModInt operator*(const ModInt &a) const { return (ModInt(*this) *= a); }
  ModInt operator/(const ModInt &a) const { return (ModInt(*this) /= a); }
  template <class T> friend ModInt operator+(T a, const ModInt &b) { return (ModInt(a) += b); }
  template <class T> friend ModInt operator-(T a, const ModInt &b) { return (ModInt(a) -= b); }
  template <class T> friend ModInt operator*(T a, const ModInt &b) { return (ModInt(a) *= b); }
  template <class T> friend ModInt operator/(T a, const ModInt &b) { return (ModInt(a) /= b); }
  explicit operator bool() const { return x; }
  bool operator==(const ModInt &a) const { return (x == a.x); }
  bool operator!=(const ModInt &a) const { return (x != a.x); }
  friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const ModInt &a) { return os << a.x; }
};
unsigned ModInt::M;
unsigned long long ModInt::NEG_INV_M;
// !!!Use ModInt::setM!!!
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

using Mint = ModInt;


/*
  each value < k times
  
  f := \sum[0<=i<k] x^i/i!
  f' = f - x^(k-1)/(k-1)!
  (f^m)' = m f^(m-1) f' = m (f^m - f^(m-1) x^(k-1)/(k-1)!)
  f[m][n+1] = m (f[m][n] - binom(n, k-1) f[m-1][n-(k-1)])
*/

constexpr int LIM = 1010;
Mint bn[LIM][LIM];
Mint dp[LIM][LIM];

int main() {
  int T, MO;
  for (; ~scanf("%d%d", &T, &MO); ) {
    Mint::setM(MO);
    for (int n = 0; n < LIM; ++n) {
      bn[n][0] = bn[n][n] = 1;
      for (int k = 1; k < n; ++k) bn[n][k] = bn[n - 1][k - 1] + bn[n - 1][k];
    }
    
    for (; T--; ) {
      int N, M;
      scanf("%d%d", &N, &M);
      
      const Mint all = Mint(M).pow(N);
      Mint ans = 0;
      for (int k = 1; k <= N; ++k) {
        const int lim = N / k;
        for (int i = lim; i >= 0; --i) {
          const int m = M - i;
          dp[i][0] = 1;
          for (int n = 1; n < k; ++n) {
            dp[i][n] = m * dp[i][n - 1];
          }
          for (int n = k; n <= N - k * i; ++n) {
            dp[i][n] = m * (dp[i][n - 1] - bn[n - 1][k - 1] * dp[i + 1][n - k]);
          }
        }
        ans += (all - dp[0][N]);
      }
      printf("%u\n", ans.x);
    }
  }
  return 0;
}