#include <bits/stdc++.h>

int main() {
    std::cin.tie(nullptr)->sync_with_stdio(false);
    #define int long long
    int tt;
    for (std::cin >> tt; tt--;) {
        int n;
        std::cin >> n;
        std::vector<int> a(n);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            std::cin >> a[i];
        }
        std::vector<int> stk;
        int ans = 0;
        auto work = [&]() {
            if (size(stk) == 0 || a[stk[0]] == a[stk.back()]) return ;
            std::reverse(stk.begin(), stk.end());
            int p = stk[0], idx = 0;
            while (idx < (int)size(stk) && a[p] == a[stk[idx]]) {
                idx++;
            }
            for (int i = idx; i < (int)size(stk); ++i) {
                ans += p - stk[i];
                int x = a[stk[i]];
                while (i < size(stk) && a[stk[i]] == x) {
                    ++i;
                }
                --i;
            }
        };
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (size(stk) == 0 || a[stk.back()] >= a[i]) {
                stk.push_back(i);
            } else if (a[i] == a[stk[0]]) {
                work();
                stk.clear();
                stk.push_back(i);
            } else if (a[i] > a[stk[0]]) {
                ans += i;
                int x = a[i];
                while (i < n && a[i] == x) {
                    i++;
                }
                --i;
                work();
                stk.clear();
                stk.push_back(i);
            } else {
                while (size(stk) && a[stk.back()] < a[i]) {
                    int x = a[stk.back()];
                    while (size(stk) && x == a[stk.back()]) {
                        stk.pop_back();
                    }
                    ans += i - stk.back() - 1;
                }
                stk.push_back(i);
            }
        }
        work();
        std::cout << ans << '\n';
    }
}

answer.code: In lambda function:
answer.code:17:17: error: ‘size’ was not declared in this scope
   17 |             if (size(stk) == 0 || a[stk[0]] == a[stk.back()]) return ;
      |                 ^~~~
answer.code:20:31: error: ‘size’ was not declared in this scope
   20 |             while (idx < (int)size(stk) && a[p] == a[stk[idx]]) {
      |                               ^~~~
answer.code:23:40: error: ‘size’ was not declared in this scope
   23 |             for (int i = idx; i < (int)size(stk); ++i) {
      |                                        ^~~~
answer.code: In function ‘int main()’:
answer.code:33:17: error: ‘size’ was not declared in this scope
   33 |             if (size(stk) == 0 || a[stk.back()] >= a[i]) {
      |                 ^~~~