#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);
#define endl '\n'
#define int long long
using namespace std;
signed main()
{
	IOS;

	int t; cin >> t;
	while(t--)  
	{
		int n; cin >> n;
		vector<int> a(n+1);
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) cin >> a[i];
		int ans = 0;
		stack<int> sp;
		vector<int> z(n+1);
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)  
		{
			while(sp.size() && a[sp.top()] < a[i]) sp.pop();
			if(sp.size()) ans += i - sp.top() - 1;
			else ans += i-1;
			sp.push(i);
		}
		while(sp.size()) sp.pop();
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) 
		{
			while(sp.size() && a[sp.top()] <= a[i]) sp.pop();
			if(sp.size()) z[i] = sp.top();
			sp.push(i);
		}
		int r = n;
		while(r) 
		{
			ans += n-r;
			r = z[r];
		}
		cout << ans << endl;

	}
	return 0;
}