// MagicDark
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define debug cerr << "\033[33m[" << __LINE__ << "]\033[0m "
#define SZ(x) (int) x.size() - 1
#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define ms(x, y) memset(x, y, sizeof x)
#define F(i, x, y) for (int i = (x); i <= (y); i++)
#define DF(i, x, y) for (int i = (x); i >= (y); i--)
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
template <typename T> T& chkmax(T &x, T y) {return x = max(x, y);}
template <typename T> T& chkmin(T &x, T y) {return x = min(x, y);}
template <typename T> T& read(T &x) {
	x = 0; int f = 1; char c = getchar();
	for (; !isdigit(c); c = getchar()) if (c == '-') f = -f;
	for (; isdigit(c); c = getchar()) x = (x << 1) + (x << 3) + (c ^ 48);
	return x *= f;
}
const int N = 210, MOD = 998244353;
inline void add(int &x, ll y) {x = (x + y) % MOD;}
int k, n[N], f[N][N], g[N][N], t[N];
inline int power(int x, int y = MOD - 2) {
	int ans = 1;
	for (; y; x = (ll) x * x % MOD, y >>= 1)
		if (y & 1) ans = (ll) ans * x % MOD;
	return ans;
}
int det(int n) {
	// F(i, 1, n) {
	// 	F(j, 1, n)
	// 		cout << f[i][j] << " ";
	// 	cout << endl;
	// }
	int ans = 1;
	F(i, 1, n) {
		F(j, i + 1, n)
			if (f[j][i]) {
				ans = MOD - ans;
				swap(f[i], f[j]);
				break;
			}
		if (!f[i][i]) return 0;
		ans = (ll) ans * f[i][i] % MOD;
		int inv = power(f[i][i]);
		F(j, 1, n) if (i != j) {
			int t = (ll) f[j][i] * inv % MOD;
			F(k, i, n) add(f[j][k], MOD - (ll) t * f[i][k] % MOD);
		}
	}
	return ans;
}
void zhk() {
	read(k);
	F(i, 1, k) read(n[i]);
	F(i, 1, n[1])
		F(j, 1, n[1])
			f[i][j] = 0;
	F(i, 1, n[1]) f[i][i] = 1;
	F(i, 2, k) read(t[i]);
	F(i, 2, k) {
		while (t[i]--) {
			int x, y; read(x), read(y);
			// debug << x << " " << y << endl;
			F(a, 1, n[1]) {
				// if (f[a][x]) debug << a << ' ' << y << ' ' << f[a][x] << endl;
				add(g[a][y], f[a][x]);
			}
		}
		F(a, 1, n[1])
			F(b, 1, n[i])
				f[a][b] = g[a][b], g[a][b] = 0;
		// F(a, 1, n[1])
		// 	F(b, 1, n[i]) {
		// 		cout << f[a][b] << " \n"[b == n[i]];
		// 	}
	}
	cout << det(n[1]) << '\n';
}
signed main() {
	int _ = 1;
	cin >> _;
	while (_--) zhk();
	return 0;
}
/* why?
*/