#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
namespace zzx{
	typedef long long ll;
	typedef unsigned long long ull;
	typedef long double ld;
	typedef __int128 lll;
    #define pc putchar
    #define gc getchar
    #define et pc('\n')
    #define spc pc(' ')
    #define pb push_back
    #define eb emplace_back
    #define lb lower_bound
    #define pii pair<int,int>
    #define pll pair<ll,ll>
    #define mk make_pair
    mt19937 rnd(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
    template<class T>
    void read(T &num){
        T x=0,f=1;
        char c=gc();
        while(!isdigit(c)){
            if(c=='-') f=-1;
            c=gc();
        }
        while(isdigit(c)){
            x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+c-48;
            c=gc();
        }
        num=f*x;
    }
    template<class T>
    void write(T x){
        static char buf[40];
        static int len=-1;
        if(x<0) pc('-'),x=-x;
        do{
            buf[++len]=x%10+48;
            x/=10;
        }while(x);
        while(len>=0) pc(buf[len--]);
    }
}
using namespace zzx;
const ll mod=998244353;
ll ksm(ll a,ll b){
	ll res=1;
	while(b){
		if(b&1) res=res*a%mod;
		b>>=1;
		a=a*a%mod;
	}
	return res;
}
void solve(){
	ll n;
	read(n);
	write(ksm(2,n)-n-1);
}
int main(){
	int t=1;
	// read(t);
	while(t--) solve();
}