#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define mp(x, y) make_pair(x, y)
#define fi first 
#define se second
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

void solve() {
    ll n, d;
    cin >> n >> d;
    if (n == 1) {
        cout << 0 << '\n';
        return;
    }
    --n;
    ll cnt = 0, cur = n;
    while (cur)
        ++cnt, cur >>= 1;
    // cout << cnt << endl;
    ll l = 0, r = cnt * cnt + 500, ans = 0x3f3f3f3f;
    while (l < r) {
        ll mid = l + r >> 1;
        if (((2 * mid) - min(d, mid) + 1) * min(d, mid) / 2 >= cnt)
            ans = min(ans, mid), r = mid;
        else
            l = mid + 1;
    }
    cout << ans << '\n';
}

int main() {
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);
    #ifdef LLOCAL
    freopen("a.in", "r", stdin);
    #endif
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while (t--)
        solve();
    return 0;
}