QOJ.ac
QOJ
ID | Problem | Submitter | Result | Time | Memory | Language | File size | Submit time | Judge time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
#152485 | #6421. Degree of Spanning Tree | qzez# | AC ✓ | 173ms | 8844kb | C++14 | 2.7kb | 2023-08-28 09:54:48 | 2023-08-28 09:54:48 |
Judging History
answer
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll=long long;
template<typename T>
ostream& operator << (ostream &out,const vector<T>&x){
if(x.empty())return out<<"[]";
out<<'['<<x[0];
for(int len=x.size(),i=1;i<len;i++)out<<','<<x[i];
return out<<']';
}
template<typename T>
vector<T> ary(const T *a,int l,int r){
return vector<T>{a+l,a+1+r};
}
template<typename T>
void debug(T x){
cerr<<x<<'\n';
}
template<typename T,typename ...S>
void debug(T x,S ...y){
cerr<<x<<' ',debug(y...);
}
const int N=1e5+10;
int T,n,m;
vector<pair<int,int> >E,S,P,ans,res;
int fa[N];
int find(int x){
return fa[x]==x?x:fa[x]=find(fa[x]);
}
bool merge(int x,int y){
x=find(x),y=find(y);
if(x==y)return 0;
return fa[x]=y,1;
}
int deg[N];
void get(){
E.clear(),S.clear(),P.clear(),ans.clear(),res.clear();
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
iota(fa,fa+1+n,0);
fill(deg+1,deg+1+n,0);
for(int u,v;m--;){
scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
if(u==v)continue;
P.push_back({u,v});
if(!merge(u,v))E.push_back({u,v});
else S.push_back({u,v}),deg[u]++,deg[v]++;
}
if(n==3){
puts("No");return;
}
int rt=max_element(deg+1,deg+1+n)-deg;
iota(fa,fa+1+n,0);
for(auto e:S)if(e.first!=rt&&e.second!=rt){
merge(e.first,e.second);
}
for(auto e:E)if(e.first!=rt&&e.second!=rt){
if(deg[rt]*2<=n)break;
if(merge(e.first,e.second))ans.push_back(e),deg[rt]--;
}
if(deg[rt]*2>n){
puts("No");return;
}
iota(fa,fa+1+n,0);
for(auto e:ans)merge(e.first,e.second);
for(auto e:S)if(e.first!=rt&&e.second!=rt){
if(merge(e.first,e.second))ans.push_back(e);
}
for(auto e:S){
if(merge(e.first,e.second))ans.push_back(e);
}
fill(deg+1,deg+1+n,0);
for(auto e:ans)deg[e.first]++,deg[e.second]++;
rt=max_element(deg+1,deg+1+n)-deg;
if(deg[rt]*2<=n){
puts("Yes");
for(auto e:ans)printf("%d %d\n",e.first,e.second);
}else{
int u=0,v=0;
iota(fa,fa+1+n,0);
for(auto e:ans)if(e.first!=rt&&e.second!=rt){
merge(e.first,e.second);
}
// for(auto e:ans)debug(e.first,e.second);
for(auto e:P)if(deg[e.first]*2<=n&°[e.second]*2<=n&&merge(e.first,e.second)){
tie(u,v)=e;break;
}
// debug(u,v);
if(!u){
puts("No");
}else{
iota(fa,fa+1+n,0);
merge(u,v);
res.push_back({u,v});
for(auto e:ans)if(deg[e.first]*2+1<n&°[e.second]*2+1<n){
if(merge(e.first,e.second))res.push_back(e);
}
for(auto e:ans)if(deg[e.first]*2<=n&°[e.second]*2<=n){
if(merge(e.first,e.second))res.push_back(e);
}
for(auto e:ans){
if(merge(e.first,e.second))res.push_back(e);
}
assert(res.size()==n-1);
puts("Yes");
for(auto e:res)printf("%d %d\n",e.first,e.second);
}
}
}
int main(){
for(scanf("%d",&T);T--;)get();
return 0;
}
Details
Tip: Click on the bar to expand more detailed information
Test #1:
score: 100
Accepted
time: 2ms
memory: 3924kb
input:
2 6 9 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 3 2 4 3 4 4 5 4 6 4 6 3 4 1 3 2 3 3 3 1 2
output:
Yes 4 5 4 6 1 2 1 3 1 4 No
result:
ok 2 cases
Test #2:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 145ms
memory: 4340kb
input:
11140 10 15 9 6 5 7 6 5 2 3 7 5 7 5 3 10 9 7 5 5 9 1 7 5 2 8 7 5 4 3 6 2 9 19 3 7 3 9 2 8 2 8 3 6 5 1 1 8 8 9 8 3 4 8 5 5 3 1 4 3 1 3 8 6 1 3 7 4 4 3 8 8 12 20 10 2 5 5 2 4 3 3 3 3 5 11 9 2 5 5 7 12 11 3 3 3 3 5 5 3 3 1 4 6 7 11 6 8 4 5 6 12 6 5 8 18 4 2 4 3 2 4 2 4 4 3 4 8 2 2 6 7 2 4 6 2 1 4 8 7 4...
output:
Yes 9 6 5 7 6 5 3 10 9 1 4 3 2 3 2 8 6 2 Yes 3 7 3 9 3 6 5 1 2 8 1 8 8 9 4 8 Yes 5 11 7 12 11 3 3 1 4 6 7 11 6 8 4 5 10 2 2 4 9 2 Yes 6 7 6 2 7 5 4 2 4 3 4 8 1 4 Yes 4 3 2 9 2 3 8 7 6 5 5 7 5 9 5 1 Yes 1 9 8 10 4 6 6 1 1 7 10 2 2 6 3 2 2 5 Yes 5 4 2 6 1 3 5 7 7 1 6 7 Yes 12 3 7 8 8 2 10 6 9 10 5 4 2...
result:
ok 11140 cases
Test #3:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 173ms
memory: 8844kb
input:
5 100000 197799 37555 22723 91160 32701 6451 4416 43186 26432 9750 82955 28292 33907 91534 78442 17771 67061 40351 28116 21494 23114 34672 66640 72636 95093 13033 6538 53698 87837 79541 71230 53985 63500 84753 5378 67971 56748 90951 20169 4465 97293 18331 53564 41043 95738 48579 96439 90865 7526 391...
output:
Yes 37555 22723 91160 32701 6451 4416 43186 26432 9750 82955 28292 33907 91534 78442 17771 67061 40351 28116 21494 23114 34672 66640 72636 95093 13033 6538 53698 87837 79541 71230 53985 63500 84753 5378 67971 56748 90951 20169 4465 97293 18331 53564 41043 95738 48579 96439 90865 7526 39102 81376 166...
result:
ok 5 cases
Test #4:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 133ms
memory: 7380kb
input:
5 100000 100000 98195 31806 98195 70169 92153 98195 98195 46320 94369 56771 94369 49988 74295 98195 33796 98195 89903 94369 98195 1814 82388 98195 10189 94369 98195 6267 29845 98195 22425 94369 6241 98195 98195 33204 66516 98195 94369 71364 26277 94369 94369 94722 94369 25349 14629 98195 9329 98195 ...
output:
Yes 88570 98195 98195 31806 98195 70169 92153 98195 98195 46320 74295 98195 33796 98195 98195 1814 82388 98195 98195 6267 29845 98195 6241 98195 98195 33204 66516 98195 14629 98195 9329 98195 98195 38219 2486 98195 98195 20493 98195 61932 98195 42896 98195 7191 98195 87857 98195 70948 30162 98195 98...
result:
ok 5 cases
Test #5:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 171ms
memory: 8372kb
input:
5 100000 149998 50735 5447 50735 24875 15119 49666 50735 30352 44756 49555 26546 32695 98445 50735 71657 50735 92212 50735 50735 19382 30935 50735 43688 46767 54630 54562 31371 50735 48877 50735 78593 76833 74317 37258 50735 48236 67116 50735 36579 50735 37536 44353 50735 46602 35088 29568 86657 507...
output:
Yes 80299 95151 15828 33765 47225 76686 27706 50034 74145 40517 26318 85148 79334 15062 7554 37545 9945 71952 34977 1370 88568 69140 62598 78932 76500 55909 61465 64449 13806 27958 649 38999 85025 39615 30007 85972 68809 73402 36080 30773 73555 51223 24467 250 87123 53110 24687 9368 26403 71657 7748...
result:
ok 5 cases
Test #6:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 104ms
memory: 7656kb
input:
11102 14 14 9 10 10 14 9 11 10 2 9 14 9 5 10 13 9 8 4 9 3 10 10 1 12 10 10 6 9 7 6 6 3 2 3 5 2 6 1 6 3 4 3 6 5 5 3 2 2 1 4 5 2 5 5 3 8 8 5 6 4 6 8 6 8 4 6 1 8 3 2 8 7 8 12 12 8 12 12 2 4 12 9 12 12 3 1 12 1 8 6 8 11 8 7 8 8 10 12 5 15 15 9 15 6 15 13 8 15 3 8 11 15 12 8 2 15 4 8 10 15 8 15 14 8 4 7 ...
output:
Yes 9 14 9 11 9 5 9 8 4 9 9 7 9 10 10 2 10 13 3 10 10 1 12 10 10 6 Yes 2 6 1 6 3 2 3 5 3 4 Yes 5 3 4 5 3 2 2 1 Yes 8 3 2 8 7 8 5 6 4 6 8 6 6 1 Yes 1 8 6 8 11 8 7 8 8 10 8 12 12 2 4 12 9 12 12 3 12 5 Yes 8 4 13 8 8 11 8 2 8 10 7 8 5 8 9 15 6 15 15 3 15 12 15 4 15 14 1 15 Yes 6 3 7 3 10 3 3 12 3 2 3 1...
result:
ok 11102 cases
Test #7:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 135ms
memory: 8416kb
input:
11102 14 19 9 3 3 6 8 3 2 14 7 3 11 3 13 9 3 14 3 5 2 3 7 4 1 10 13 3 4 3 3 1 3 10 12 8 11 6 3 12 11 15 9 11 10 7 1 2 9 6 11 2 11 10 8 11 11 5 3 8 11 4 11 3 11 7 1 11 5 4 6 11 5 6 1 2 4 3 3 5 1 3 5 4 3 2 12 16 8 11 12 10 12 3 5 7 12 5 1 12 9 4 12 2 6 12 12 8 10 1 12 11 7 12 12 9 3 2 4 12 6 7 3 1 6 3...
output:
Yes 11 6 2 14 13 9 7 4 1 10 12 8 9 3 3 6 8 3 7 3 3 14 3 5 3 1 Yes 5 4 10 7 1 2 9 6 3 8 9 11 11 2 11 10 8 11 11 5 Yes 5 4 1 2 4 3 1 3 Yes 10 1 3 2 8 11 5 7 9 4 12 10 12 3 12 5 6 12 12 8 12 9 Yes 4 6 5 1 3 1 6 3 3 2 Yes 4 3 2 5 1 6 1 5 1 4 Yes 3 10 1 2 7 5 4 11 8 9 3 6 2 6 9 6 7 6 6 4 Yes 3 6 4 1 6 5 ...
result:
ok 11102 cases
Test #8:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 125ms
memory: 3796kb
input:
100000 5 7 2 5 1 4 2 1 1 3 5 1 4 2 2 3 5 7 2 4 4 3 2 1 4 5 2 5 1 4 3 2 5 7 5 1 4 2 4 5 4 3 4 1 3 1 2 1 5 7 4 1 4 3 3 5 2 5 4 5 2 4 1 5 5 7 5 2 2 1 5 4 2 4 4 3 3 2 1 4 5 7 2 4 5 1 1 3 2 1 2 3 4 1 2 5 5 7 5 4 4 2 5 2 3 5 4 1 5 1 4 3 5 7 1 5 2 3 2 5 2 4 3 5 4 5 1 2 5 7 1 3 5 2 2 4 1 2 5 3 2 3 4 3 5 7 3...
output:
Yes 4 2 2 5 1 4 1 3 Yes 4 5 4 3 2 5 2 1 Yes 3 1 5 1 4 2 4 5 Yes 4 1 2 5 4 3 3 5 Yes 5 4 4 3 5 2 2 1 Yes 2 3 2 4 5 1 1 3 Yes 4 2 4 1 5 2 3 5 Yes 3 5 1 5 2 3 2 4 Yes 5 3 1 3 5 2 2 4 Yes 5 3 5 4 3 1 2 1 Yes 1 2 2 4 1 5 5 3 Yes 2 4 2 1 5 4 5 3 Yes 3 4 1 3 5 4 5 2 Yes 5 2 5 1 4 2 4 3 Yes 4 2 5 4 3 1 1 2 ...
result:
ok 100000 cases
Test #9:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 55ms
memory: 3940kb
input:
1000 5 970 3 1 4 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 5 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 5 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 3 2 3 5 3 2 2 1 2 3 3 5 2 3 2 3 5 3 3 2 3 1 3 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 3 1 4 3 5 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 5 2 3 3 1 3 2 2 3 4 3 2 3 2 3 1 3 3 1 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2...
output:
Yes 2 1 5 2 3 1 4 3 Yes 3 4 3 1 5 2 4 5 Yes 5 2 1 5 2 4 4 3 Yes 4 3 4 2 5 3 5 1 Yes 5 2 5 1 2 3 4 3 Yes 4 1 1 5 2 4 2 3 Yes 2 1 1 5 4 3 4 2 Yes 5 1 3 1 4 5 4 2 Yes 4 1 4 2 1 3 5 3 Yes 5 1 3 1 2 4 5 2 Yes 3 5 3 2 1 4 4 5 Yes 5 3 5 2 4 3 4 1 Yes 5 2 3 2 4 5 1 4 Yes 5 1 5 4 1 2 3 2 Yes 2 4 5 2 4 1 3 1 ...
result:
ok 1000 cases
Test #10:
score: 0
Accepted
time: 105ms
memory: 3792kb
input:
100000 5 5 5 1 1 3 3 5 2 3 4 1 5 5 3 1 3 4 1 5 5 2 5 3 5 5 2 5 1 2 4 5 4 3 2 4 5 5 1 2 4 3 2 4 4 1 5 1 5 5 5 2 3 2 1 4 1 2 3 1 5 5 2 5 1 3 4 5 1 2 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 2 4 5 1 4 3 4 5 5 4 2 1 2 1 4 5 1 3 4 5 5 1 3 5 2 5 4 5 1 1 4 5 5 2 3 4 5 2 4 3 4 1 3 5 5 1 4 4 5 2 5 3 4 5 3 5 5 4 1 4 5 4 3 3 2 1 3 5 5 3...
output:
Yes 3 5 2 3 5 1 4 1 Yes 3 4 5 2 3 1 1 5 Yes 4 5 4 3 2 5 1 2 Yes 4 3 2 4 1 2 5 1 Yes 3 1 1 4 5 2 3 2 Yes 2 5 4 5 1 3 1 2 Yes 1 4 3 4 1 5 5 2 Yes 4 2 3 4 1 2 5 1 Yes 1 4 1 3 5 2 5 4 Yes 4 5 1 3 2 3 2 4 Yes 3 4 1 4 5 3 2 5 Yes 1 3 3 2 4 1 4 5 Yes 3 2 5 2 1 5 4 1 Yes 2 1 4 2 5 1 3 5 Yes 3 4 5 3 2 1 5 1 ...
result:
ok 100000 cases