// Author : hejinming2012
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
#define endl '\n'
#define dbg(x) cout << #x " = " << (x) << endl
#define quickio ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
#define quickin cin.tie(0);
#define quickout cout.tie(0);

using namespace std;
inline int read() {
    int now = 0, nev = 1; char c = getchar();
    while(c < '0' || c > '9') { if(c == '-') nev = -1; c = getchar(); }
    while(c >= '0' && c <= '9') { now = (now << 1) + (now << 3) + (c & 15); c = getchar(); }
    return now * nev;
}
void write(int x) {
    if(x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
    if(x > 9) write(x / 10);
    putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}

signed main() {
    quickio
    quickin
    quickout
    
    return 0;
}